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Introduction When working in Excel, you may encounter the following message every time you save a file: "Be careful, parts of your document may include personal information that can't be removed by the Document Inspector." If this messag...

Introduction When using Excel, there are often times when you want to restrict the values that can be entered into a cell. "Data Validation" is the go-to feature for this. For example, you might want to set up a list in a cell so users c...

Introduction When plotting data on a graph, have you ever found yourself manually placing a shape on a dotted line, wondering, "Where exactly does this value fall?" I used to manually paste red dots while looking at the numbers, but this...

Introduction In Excel, you may want to display units like square meters ("m2") with the "2" showing as a small number at the top right, like "m²". Here is how to format the text to achieve this appearance. Steps Here is the procedure: Op...

Introduction When creating a chart in Excel, the legend may not display correctly. You might encounter a situation where the "Select Data" screen lists 4 series, but the actual graph only displays 3. In this article, I will first explain...

Introduction When you create a chart in Excel, the axis labels often automatically display with decimal points, such as "1.0" or "2.0", even when your data consists only of integers. To make your chart look cleaner and easier to read, yo...

Introduction When working in Excel, have you ever experienced a situation where you just wanted to copy a formula, but the columns or rows shifted unexpectedly? "I just wanted to copy the calculation, but the reference cells moved on the...

Introduction When organizing data in Excel, many people use the convenient "Table" feature. Using a table automatically tidies up the appearance and makes setting filters and styles easy. However, when actually using it, there are times ...

Introduction When managing work logs or event records in Excel, you often encounter situations where you need to accurately calculate "how much time has passed from one date and time to the next." For example, let's look at the following...

Overview In Excel, you can link the text displayed in shapes (such as rectangles or text boxes) to cell values. When the cell is updated, the display within the shape changes automatically. This article explains the setup procedure using...

Overview This article introduces methods for handling Excel aggregation requirements such as "basically counting cells as 1, but counting 7 and 8 as 0.5." We will carefully explain practical formula patterns using COUNTA, COUNTIF, and SU...

Introduction When trying to open a file in Excel, you may have encountered the message: "The file couldn't be opened in Protected View." This can prevent you from proceeding with your work. It can be particularly frustrating when the err...

Introduction When dynamic memory is allocated using new in C++, it must always be manually released using delete. Forgetting to do so causes memory leaks. To solve this problem, C++11 introduced std::unique_ptr, a smart pointer that auto...

Introduction When programming in C++, you often encounter data that needs to be treated as a pair, such as "key and value," "first name and last name," or "x-coordinate and y-coordinate." For this purpose, the C++ standard library <ut...

Introduction In C++ classes, member variables (data members) usually hold individual values for each object. If you create two objects, car1 and car2, from a Car class, their gas (gasoline level) is managed separately. However, there are...

Introduction When using standard algorithms like std::sort or std::find_if in C++, defining a separate function just to specify a condition can be tedious. Lambda expressions, introduced in C++11, answer the need for "disposable, simple ...

Introduction In C++, you may want a variable that can store one of several different types, such as "maybe an int, maybe a string." Conventional unions solve this problem, but they have low type safety because you have to manage which ty...

Introduction std::unique_ptr in C++ is a smart pointer that guarantees a resource has only one owner. However, there are times when you want to share and use the same object from multiple locations. std::shared_ptr realizes this "shared ...

Introduction Just as a C++ constructor is an initialization process called automatically the moment an object is "born," a Destructor is a special member function called automatically just before an object "vanishes" from memory to perfo...

Introduction In C++ and C structures (struct), there are cases where you want to copy the contents of one variable exactly into another variable. While it is possible to copy members one by one like destination.id = source.id;, this beco...

Introduction In C++, four different cast operators are provided to perform explicit type conversion (casting), such as converting an int to a double, or a parent class pointer to a child class pointer. These are safer than the old C-styl...

Introduction In C++ classes, it is common practice to "declare (prototype)" member functions inside the class definition and "implement (process content)" them outside the class. However, for functions with very short processing, writing...

Introduction When handling C-style strings in C++ or C, there are two very similar methods: Using a Pointer: const char* ptr = "text"; Using an Array: char arr[100]; These are similar yet distinct, and using them without understanding th...

Introduction C++ Templates are a powerful feature that allows you to write generic code by parameterizing types. They not only generalize functions and classes but also dramatically improve the expressiveness of C++, enabling handling of...

Introduction When programming in C++ or C, data type names can sometimes become very long, such as unsigned long long int. Additionally, there are times when you want to distinguish the "meaning" of variables within the program, even if ...

Introduction In C++, there are frequent situations where you want to convert numbers to strings, convert strings to numbers, or split a space-separated string into individual words. By using "String Streams" provided by the standard libr...

Introduction Structures (struct) in C++ and C are convenient features for grouping related variables into one unit, but their true value is demonstrated when they are nested. You can have a variable of another structure type as a member ...

Introduction In multi-threaded programming, if multiple threads access the same data (shared resource) simultaneously, it can lead to data corruption or unexpected race conditions. To prevent this, we use exclusive control (locking) with...

Introduction C++ and C structures (struct) are useful for grouping related data into one unit, but their true value is unlocked when combined with arrays. By defining an "Employee" structure and then declaring an array of that structure ...

Introduction When handling std::string in C++, there are frequently situations where you want to retrieve the "length" (i.e., how many characters are contained) of the string. For this purpose, the std::string class provides two member f...